What is the inflammatory disease around dental implants caused by bacteria attached to implants near the gingiva?

• A. Peri-implantitis
• B. Peri-implant gingivitis
• C. Periostitis
• D. Osteomyelitis

Answer: (A)

Bacterial biofilm that adheres to the implant surface near the gingiva triggers an inflammatory response in the surrounding peri-implant tissues. If this inflammation stays confined to the soft tissues and there is no loss of supporting bone, it would be peri-implant gingivitis (peri-implant mucositis). However, when the inflammatory process also leads to destruction of the bone around the implant, the condition is peri-implantitis. The scenario described emphasizes inflammation around implants caused by bacteria on the implant surface in the gingival area, which aligns with peri-implantitis because bone loss is a defining feature. Periostitis involves inflammation of the periosteum, and osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone itself, not specifically the soft-tissue inflammatory peri-implant condition.