What property of Ca(OH)2 suspensions contributes to extreme cytotoxicity?

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Multiple Choice

What property of Ca(OH)2 suspensions contributes to extreme cytotoxicity?

Explanation:
The key concept is strong alkalinity. Ca(OH)2 suspensions release hydroxide ions when dispersed in water, pushing the pH to about 12–12.5. That extreme alkaline environment disrupts cellular components: hydroxide ions denature proteins, break down lipids in cell membranes, and inactivate enzymes and nucleic acids. These disruptions overwhelm the cells’ protective mechanisms, leading to cell injury or death, which manifests as extreme cytotoxicity when tissue is exposed. The other properties listed (viscosity or neutral/low pH) don’t drive this level of cytotoxic effect, since they don’t create the same harsh chemical conditions.

The key concept is strong alkalinity. Ca(OH)2 suspensions release hydroxide ions when dispersed in water, pushing the pH to about 12–12.5. That extreme alkaline environment disrupts cellular components: hydroxide ions denature proteins, break down lipids in cell membranes, and inactivate enzymes and nucleic acids. These disruptions overwhelm the cells’ protective mechanisms, leading to cell injury or death, which manifests as extreme cytotoxicity when tissue is exposed. The other properties listed (viscosity or neutral/low pH) don’t drive this level of cytotoxic effect, since they don’t create the same harsh chemical conditions.

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